Revil

REvil, also known as Sodinokibi, was a highly sophisticated ransomware-as-a-service operation that emerged in April 2019 and quickly became one of the most prolific and financially successful cybercriminal organizations, primarily motivated by financial gain. The group is believed to have originated from Russia, operating as a RaaS model where core developers rented their ransomware tools to affiliate criminals, and maintained connections to the now-defunct GandCrab ransomware operation with some researchers suggesting personnel overlap. REvil primarily gained initial access through exploiting vulnerabilities in remote desktop protocol implementations, phishing campaigns, and supply chain attacks, employing double extortion tactics where they exfiltrated sensitive data before encryption and threatened to publish it on their "Happy Blog" leak site if ransoms were not paid, using advanced encryption methods that made file recovery nearly impossible without payment. The group conducted several high-profile attacks including the devastating supply chain attack against Kaseya in July 2021 that affected thousands of downstream customers, attacks on major corporations like JBS Foods, and demanded ransoms reaching up to $70 million, ultimately leading to increased law enforcement attention and pressure from international authorities. Following coordinated law enforcement actions and mounting pressure from the U.S. and Russian governments in late 2021, REvil's infrastructure was taken down and the group ceased operations, with several suspected members reportedly arrested by Russian authorities.